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Snigdha Kundu

International Day of Non Violence - 2nd October

Introduction 


Non-violence is one of the biggest elements which ensures integrity in the world. Without peace and non-violence it will be a chaotic place to live in. October 2nd [1] is celebrated as the International Day of Non-Violence. The day serves as a reminder of the principles of nonviolence embraced by world leaders such as Mahatma Gandhi. Along with the International Day of non-violence, 2nd October is marked as Gandhi ji’s birthday. Elements such as tolerance promotion, understanding of individuals, and peaceful resolution of conflicts are embraced on this day. 


The International Non-Violence Day was established in 2007 [1] by the United Nations. The primary aim of this day is to promote the need for cooperation in dealing with global challenges and the importance of practicing non-violence in social movements. On this day through various events and initiatives, the various communities worldwide come together. Embracement of fundamental rights, peace, and justice are the key elements of the celebration.


This article will highlight the various aspects of International Non-Violence Day, specifically focusing on Gandhi And The Struggle For Non-Violence. The different Acts and the role of India in enforcing non-violence will also be highlighted. 



Let's understand the various angles of International Day of Non-Violence
Gandhi Jayanti


What Is Non-Violence 


In simple terms, non-violence is the most important philosophy which contributes to world peace. It includes ideas of non-violent addressing conflict, achieving social justice and bringing an overall change in the world regarding peace. Professor Gene Sharp an eminent researcher in the field of nonviolent resistance, said “Nonviolent action is not an attempt to avoid or ignore conflict” [1]. Though the concept of Non-violence varies based on factors such as religion, traditions, political movements and ethical practices. 


The principle of respect is one of the key aspects of Non-Violence. It emphasises overall respect for every individual. The concept tries to analyse rather than demonise. Many believe that non-violence is a moral and ethical stance as it promotes compassion and forgiveness. 


Another aspect of Non-Violence is the activities that can be included in the act. There might be various forms such as boycotts, protests, civil disobedience, strikes ,and a few other activities which does not involve any physical harm. Prominent leaders such as Martin Luther King Jr. and Mahatma Gandhi promoted the concept of non-violence during their struggle. Overall non-violence aims at peaceful conflict resolution and the embracement of positive change maintaining dignity. 


Mahatma Gandhi's Role in The Non-Violence Movement


Mahatma Gandhi was one of the key figures in the movement of Non-Violence. He was the one who shaped the philosophy and practice of Non-Violence. Though other prominent figures followed his philosophy mainly it was Mahatma Gandhi And The Struggle For Non-Violence. The various aspects of this movement can be divided into a few parts such as:


  • Ahimsa:  It is the philosophy of Non-Violence which Mahatma Gandhi Followed in thought, word and deed. He believed violence begets violence and pure changes must arise from the feelings of love and understanding. 

  • Satyagraha: This particular philosophy was associated with the methods of civil disobedience and peaceful protests. Mr Gandhi used the practice of satyagraha to resist the British in India. One such campaign which emphasised the thought of satyagraha was Salt March [1] in the year 1930. This campaign was organised to protest against the various salt taxes that were imposed by the British. 

  • Mobilisation of The Masses: Mahatma Gandhi could inspire people from any social background. He believed in mobilising the oppressed population in the struggle for freedom. Through this, he fostered a feeling of unity among the various diverse groups. 

The Principles of Non-Violence which were originated by Mahatma Gandhi has inspired various world leaders. Nelson Mandela from South Africa and Martin Luther King Jr. from the US were heavily inspired by the philosophy of Non-Violence. The teachings of Mr Gandhi have continued to inspire movements for human rights and social justice, even today. In the struggle for the Independence of India, Mahatma Gandhi’s commitment to non-violence played a very crucial role. The strategic deployment of acts of disobedience has set a powerful example of achieving justice through peaceful means, for the generations to come. 


India Against Non-Violence 


The statement “India Against Non-Violence” serves as an alternative perspective of the philosophy of Non-Violence. This particular topic can light up a range of discussions regarding the effectiveness of using peaceful methods to achieve social and political changes in the complex society of India. Firstly history should be thoroughly evaluated as Non-Violence was one of the key elements that were responsible for the independence of India. Though arguments can be made as there were various acts of violence as well, which contributed to the freedom. Prominent leaders such as Bhagat Singh and Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose believed in acts of violence to rebuke British rule. Therefore many can say that non-violent methods are inadequate to bring major changes and on the contrary others can believe in the ethical superiority of various non-violent practices.

Looking at the current scenarios around the world, the effectiveness of non-violent methods of protest cannot be evaluated properly. Specifically in India, anti-CAA protests and Farmer's protests [2] started as Non-Violent protests but eventually took their turn towards violent ones. There are various angles that can be considered but a specific blueprint cannot be devised. The dynamics of protest changes with time and situation. 



Acts of Violence and How to Identify Them


Identification of the type of violence is very crucial to properly deal with it. In today's world, there can be various acts of violence. Mainly physical violence, sexual violence, verbal and many other forms. Whatever kind of violence is encountered the core elements remain the same. Generally, they include acts of physical violence, verbal abuse, and manipulation. 

Such acts of violence can be identified from the warning signs. Similarly, like the various types of violence, the warning signs can have a huge range. Physical indicators include bruises and signs of injuries. A few noted behavioural changes include withdrawal from social circles, abrupt changes in mood and frequent aggressive attitude. Isolation from society is also a common symptom of mental trauma due to acts of violence. There can be other forms of signs but these are the common ones. 


Having a proper response mechanism to such acts of violence is very important. Prioritising own safety and the safety of others is the most necessary thing. Understanding the condition and seeking help from friends family or the authorities is the next step, if violence is faced in any form or shape. Documentation of such acts of cruelty can help authorities have a better understanding. Along with getting professional help in cases of violence, increasing awareness about such incidents among the general public helps to educate the masses. 


Acts of Non-Violence


In simple terms, acts of violence include activities which oppose a certain social or political law in a peaceful manner. One of the biggest acts of nonviolence is civil disobedience, which involves resistance to laws through the refusal to comply. Boycotting the purchase of services can be a way of peaceful protest against a company or government. Peaceful marches and rallies to raise awareness about injustice are a crucial form of peaceful protest. 


Some of the examples include 

  • Gandhi’s Salt March in 1930, 

  • The campaigns of Martin Luther King Jr. during the civil rights movement.

  • The Velvet Revolution in 1989, which ended the communist rule in Czechoslovakia (3).

The acts of nonviolence have a great impact as such protest increases morality and attracts support of the general public and media. They can lead to sustainable long-lasting changes and it engages wide range of participants 


Conclusion


The article sums up the various aspects of Gandhi And The Struggle For Non-Violence. Though it sheds light on general topics of acts of violence and non-violence. The material of this article suggests that acts of nonviolence is the key to world peace. Still, during the recent protest, the opposite was observed.


The UN Secretary Antonia Guterres said, “Gandhi believed non-violence was the greatest force available to humanity-more powerful than any weapon. Together, let’s build institutions to support that noble vision” [1]. Therefore lets become together and embrace the philosophy of nonviolence and make the world a better place to live in. 


FAQ


Q1. What are the key themes associated with the International Non-Violence Day?

Various kinds of themes such as peace, the importance of non-violent actions, tolerance and addressing social issues and conflicts. The topic of peaceful resolution of social and political issues is the concern of this day. 


Q2. How can individuals participate in the celebration of International Day of Non-Violence?

Individuals have various options by which they can participate in the event of International Non Violence Day. They can participate in community events, discussions, and educational programs that promote non-violence. Getting involved in events that increase awareness about violence and the various ways of solving it can be helpful.  


Q3. What are the global initiatives related to this specific day?

Various communities around the world organise events such as workshops, peace marches and seminars to promote the philosophy of non-violence.


Q4. In what ways do schools incorporate the values of non-violence in their curriculum?

Schools can hold discussions, activities which are focused on the teaching of Mahatma Gandhi, and creative projects which are related to the principles of non-violence.


References



Reviewed by Kritika Singh


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